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BIOTECHNOLOGY:
1.
Gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9 primarily involves:
A) Protein folding
B) RNA sequencing
C) Targeted DNA modification
D) Chromosome duplication
Answer: C
2.
Somatic genome editing differs from germline editing because it is:
A) Heritable
B) Non-heritable
C) Limited to plants
D) Limited to bacteria
Answer: B
3.
Bt Cotton contains gene derived from:
A) Virus
B) Bacterium
C) Fungus
D) Algae
Answer: B
4.
Which component guides Cas9 to target DNA?
A) tRNA
B) rRNA
C) Guide RNA
D) mRNA
Answer: C
5.
Epigenome editing mainly affects:
A) DNA sequence
B) Gene expression
C) Chromosome number
D) Protein folding
Answer: B
6.
Jumping genes are scientifically known as:
A) Operons
B) Introns
C) Transposons
D) Exons
Answer: C
7.
DNA fingerprinting mainly relies on variability in:
A) Exons
B) VNTR regions
C) Ribosomal RNA
D) Histone proteins
Answer: B
8.
CAR-T therapy is primarily used to treat:
A) Viral diseases
B) Certain cancers
C) Diabetes
D) Hypertension
Answer: B
9.
Major risk associated with CAR-T therapy is:
A) Kidney failure
B) Cytokine Release Syndrome
C) Anemia
D) Osteoporosis
Answer: B
10. Pangenome refers to:
A) Genome of one person
B) Complete set of genes in a species
C) Artificial genome
D) Viral genome
Answer: B
HEALTH & STEM CELLS:
11. Mitochondrial DNA is inherited from the:
A) Father
B) Mother
C) Both equally
D) Either parent
Answer: B
12. Mitochondrial Replacement Therapy produces a baby with
genetic material from:
A) One person
B) Two persons
C) Three persons
D) Four persons
Answer: C
13. Induced pluripotent stem cells are produced by:
A) Radiation
B) Reprogramming somatic cells
C) Fusion of gametes
D) Bacterial infection
Answer: B
14. Pluripotent stem cells can develop into:
A) Only blood cells
B) Most body cell types
C) Only nerve cells
D) Only muscle cells
Answer: B
15. Phenome refers to:
A) Genetic code
B) Observable traits
C) Protein map
D) Chromosome count
Answer: B
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE:
16. Deepfakes are mainly created using:
A) Blockchain
B) Deep learning
C) Classical cryptography
D) LiDAR
Answer: B
17. AlphaFold is used for predicting:
A) DNA mutations
B) Protein 3D structure
C) Virus transmission
D) Brain signals
Answer: B
18. Jevons paradox suggests that higher efficiency may lead to:
A) Lower consumption
B) Higher consumption
C) No change
D) Zero demand
Answer: B
19. India currently has a comprehensive standalone deepfake
law:
A) Yes
B) No
C) Only for elections
D) Only for banks
Answer: B
20. BharatGen initiative focuses on:
A) Military robotics
B) Indian language AI models
C) Space navigation
D) Quantum sensors
Answer: B
QUANTUM TECHNOLOGY:
21. Quantum Key Distribution relies on principles of:
A) Classical physics
B) Quantum mechanics
C) Thermodynamics
D) Optics only
Answer: B
22. Fundamental unit of quantum computing is:
A) Bit
B) Byte
C) Qubit
D) Node
Answer: C
23. Quantum tunnelling allows a particle to:
A) Lose energy
B) Cross energy barriers
C) Gain mass
D) Stop moving
Answer: B
24. National Quantum Mission in India is implemented by:
A) ISRO
B) DRDO
C) Department of Science & Technology
D) RBI
Answer: C
25. Quantum computers are especially powerful for:
A) Simple arithmetic
B) Parallel probabilistic computation
C) Printing
D) Word processing
Answer: B
DIGITAL & NETWORK:
26. India’s CBDC is issued by:
A) SEBI
B) RBI
C) NPCI
D) MeitY
Answer: B
27. FASTag technology is based on:
A) GPS
B) RFID
C) NFC
D) LiDAR
Answer: B
28. Digital twin refers to:
A) Physical clone
B) Virtual replica of physical system
C) AI robot
D) Backup server
Answer: B
29. Bluetooth mesh networking enables:
A) One-to-one connection
B) Multi-hop communication
C) Satellite link
D) Wired transmission
Answer: B
30. Undersea internet cables primarily use:
A) Copper wires
B) Fiber optics
C) Radio waves
D) Microwave
Answer: B
SPACE & PHYSICS:
31. Black holes are invisible because they:
A) Emit no heat
B) Trap light
C) Reflect light
D) Rotate slowly
Answer: B
32. Gravitational waves were first detected in:
A) 2005
B) 2010
C) 2015
D) 2020
Answer: C
33. Neutrinos interact mainly through:
A) Strong force
B) Weak nuclear force
C) Electromagnetic force
D) Gravity only
Answer: B
34. JUNO observatory in India studies:
A) Electrons
B) Neutrinos
C) Photons
D) Protons
Answer: B
35. Higgs boson was discovered at:
A) Fermilab
B) CERN
C) ISRO
D) JAXA
Answer: B
Biotechnology:
36. Genome India Project is primarily
aimed at:
A) Drug manufacturing
B) Mapping India’s genetic diversity
C) Vaccine export
D) Cancer treatment
Answer: B
37. The Indian Biological Data Centre
(IBDC) is located at:
A) Pune
B) Hyderabad
C) Faridabad
D) Bengaluru
Answer: C
38. Gene Drive Technology mainly
alters:
A) Photosynthesis
B) Mendelian inheritance
C) Protein folding
D) Cell respiration
Answer: B
39. India’s first genome-edited rice
varieties were developed using:
A) TALEN
B) ZFN
C) CRISPR-Cas
D) RNAi
Answer: C
40.DRR Dhan 100 Kamala is an
improvement of:
A) IR-64
B) Samba Mahsuri
C) Basmati-370
D) Swarna
Answer: B
41. Genome-edited rice varieties
developed by India are NOT considered GM crops because:
A) They yield less
B) They contain no foreign DNA
C) They are hybrid
D) They are rainfed
Answer: B
42. Phenome refers to:
A) Gene sequence
B) Entire set of phenotypes
C) Protein map
D) RNA library
Answer: B
43. Phenome India Project is launched
by:
A) ICMR
B) DBT
C) CSIR
D) DRDO
Answer: C
44. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
(iPSCs) are created by:
A) Nuclear fusion
B) Introducing embryonic genes into somatic cells
C) Viral infection
D) Chemical mutation
Answer: B
45. Animal Stem Cell Biobank in
India is located at:
A) Delhi
B) Hyderabad
C) Pune
D) Kolkata
Answer: B
Artificial Intelligence & IT:
46. Project Suncatcher by Google
aims to:
A) Weather prediction
B) AI computing in space
C) Cyber security
D) Quantum internet
Answer: B
47. Ironwood is:
A) Quantum chip
B) Satellite
C) Google’s 7th-gen TPU
D) Supercomputer
Answer: C
48. Jevons Paradox states that
efficiency improvements usually lead to:
A) Lower demand
B) Higher demand
C) No change
D) Resource depletion stops
Answer: B
49. Solow Paradox relates to:
A) Inflation
B) Productivity not matching tech growth
C) Climate change
D) Population growth
Answer: B
Quantum Technology:
50. Quantum Key Distribution
ensures:
A) Faster internet
B) Secure key exchange
C) Data compression
D) Cloud storage
Answer: B
51. India’s extensive QKD network
demonstration covered about:
A) 100 km
B) 250 km
C) 500 km
D) 1000 km
Answer: C
52. National Quantum Mission is
implemented by:
A) MeitY
B) DST
C) DRDO
D) ISRO
Answer: B
53. QpiAI-Indus is a:
A) Supercomputer
B) Quantum computer
C) AI robot
D) Satellite
Answer: B
54. Google’s Willow processor showed
speed-up of roughly:
A) 100×
B) 1,000×
C) 13,000×
D) 1 lakh×
Answer: C
55. Quantum tunnelling refers to:
A) Heat transfer
B) Particle passing through energy barrier
C) Nuclear fusion
D) Electron spin
Answer: B
Digital Currency & Networking:
56. India’s CBDC is called:
A) e-Rupee
B) Digital Rupee
C) Bharat Coin
D) RBI Coin
Answer: B
57. Retail CBDC is meant for:
A) Only banks
B) General public
C) RBI staff
D) Foreign trade only
Answer: B
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58. Bluetooth Mesh Networking
enables:
A) One-to-one communication
B) Many-to-many communication
C) Satellite communication
D) Optical transmission
Answer: B
59. Undersea cables mainly transmit:
A) Electricity
B) Fiber-optic data
C) Radio waves
D) Microwave signals
Answer: B
60. Project Waterworth is related
to:
A) River linking
B) Subsea cable network
C) Desalination
D) Hydropower
Answer: B
Space, Defence & Aviation:
61. Vikram3201 is India’s first:
A) 64-bit processor
B) 32-bit processor
C) Quantum chip
D) AI chip
Answer: B
62. Vikram3201 was developed by:
A) BEL
B) ISRO’s VSSC with SCL
C) DRDO only
D) IIT Madras
Answer: B
63. Long-range glide bomb ‘Gaurav’
has a range of about:
A) 25 km
B) 50 km
C) 100 km
D) 500 km
Answer: C
64. Fiber-optic drones resist
electronic warfare because they use:
A) Radar
B) Radio link
C) Fiber cable
D) Infrared
Answer: C
65. Netra MkII is a:
A) Missile
B) AWACS system
C) Submarine
D) Radar satellite
Answer: B
66. Stratospheric Airship Platform
operates roughly at:
A) 5–10 km
B) 17–22 km
C) 30–40 km
D) Above 100 km
Answer: B
67. SAP mainly uses which gas for
buoyancy?
A) Hydrogen
B) Helium
C) Nitrogen
D) Oxygen
Answer: B
68. AMCA programme is led by:
A) HAL
B) ADA under DRDO
C) ISRO
D) BEL
Answer: B
69. Fifth-generation fighters are
especially known for:
A) Wooden body
B) Stealth capability
C) Low speed
D) Single engine only
Answer: B
Ocean & Transport:
70. Samudrayaan Mission aims to
explore depth of:
A) 1000 m
B) 3000 m
C) 6000 m
D) 10,000 m
Answer: C
71. Matsya-6000 is:
A) Satellite
B) Deep-sea submersible
C) Drone
D) Rocket
Answer: B
72. Deep Ocean Mission is under:
A) MoES
B) ISRO
C) DRDO
D) DST
Answer: A
73. Hyperloop pods theoretically can
reach speeds up to:
A) 300 km/h
B) 600 km/h
C) 1200 km/h
D) 2000 km/h
Answer: C
Health & Diseases:
74. Trachoma is caused by:
A) Virus
B) Bacterium
C) Fungus
D) Protozoa
Answer: B
75. Hepatitis D requires which virus
for replication?
A) Hepatitis A
B) Hepatitis B
C) Hepatitis C
D) Hepatitis E
Answer: B
Science & Technology (Apr 2025 …
76. Mpox is classified as:
A) Bacterial disease
B) Viral zoonotic disease
C) Fungal infection
D) Genetic disorder
Answer: B
77. Diagnostic test commonly used
for Mpox:
A) ELISA
B) RT-PCR
C) Culture
D) Rapid antigen
Answer: B
78. FOXP3 gene is associated with:
A) RBC formation
B) Regulatory T cells
C) Insulin secretion
D) Bone growth
Answer: B
79. Antimicrobial Resistance occurs
when microbes:
A) Multiply slowly
B) Become drug-resistant
C) Die quickly
D) Lose DNA
Answer: B
Nanotechnology & Materials:
80. Nanozymes are:
A) Mini robots
B) Nanomaterials with enzyme-like properties
C) Vaccines
D) Polymers
Answer: B
81. IISc nanozyme mentioned is based
on:
A) Gold
B) Silver
C) Vanadium pentoxide
D) Silicon
Answer: C
82. India’s rare earth reserves are
mostly in:
A) Coal fields
B) Monazite sands
C) Granite
D) Limestone
Answer: B
83. Which country dominates global
rare earth supply chain?
A) USA
B) China
C) Australia
D) Russia
Answer: B
Disclaimer:
This content is prepared for educational and informational purposes only. The notes are simplified for better understanding and exam preparation (UPSC and State Exams). Readers are advised to refer to standard textbooks and official sources for detailed study.
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