Fundamental Rights Tricky 50 Questions with answers ...

 

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 1. Consider the following statements:

1. Article 13 applies to all laws, including Constitutional Amendments.
2. The term “law” under Article 13 includes ordinances, bye-laws, and customs.
3. Any law violating Fundamental Rights is void only to the extent of inconsistency.

Which of the above is/are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. All

 Answer: B

 Explanation:

• Statement 1 is wrong (Kesavananda clarified amendments  law under Art.13).
• Statement 2 & 3 are correct

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 2. Consider the following:

1. Equality before law is a negative concept.
2. Equal protection of laws permits reasonable classification.
3. Both concepts are borrowed from the British Constitution.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• UK → Equality before law
• USA → Equal protection
  
  

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3. Consider the following statements regarding Article 14:

1. It applies only to citizens.
2. It allows class legislation but not classification.
3. It permits reasonable classification based on intelligible differentia.

A. 3 only

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• Applies to all persons
• Class legislation  but classification
   Only statement 3 correct.

---

 4. Consider the following:

1. Article 15 prohibits discrimination only by the State.
2. Article 15(2) prohibits discrimination by private individuals in certain cases.
3. Special provisions for women violate equality.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• 15(2) extends to private sphere  
• Reservation for women is allowed
   Statement 3 is wrong.

---

 5. Consider the following:

1. Article 16 guarantees equality in public employment.
2. Reservation in promotions is constitutionally allowed.
3. Reservation can exceed 50% without any exception.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• Reservation >50% → generally NOT allowed (Indra Sawhney case)
  Statement 3 trap.

---

 6. Consider the following:

1. Untouchability includes all forms of social discrimination.
2. Article 17 is enforceable against private individuals.
3. It is an absolute right without exceptions.

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 3 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• Only caste-based untouchability  
• Absolute right
   Statement 1 is wrong.

---

 7. Consider the following statements:

1. Freedom of speech includes freedom of press.
2. Freedom of speech is absolute.
3. Reasonable restrictions include sovereignty and integrity of India.

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• Not absolute  
• Press is implied
   Classic UPSC trap.

---

 8. Consider the following:

1. Article 20 applies to both citizens and foreigners.
2. Protection against self-incrimination applies only to accused persons.
3. Preventive detention is covered under Article 20.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• Preventive detention → Article 22
   Statement 3 wrong.

---

 9. Consider the following:

1. Article 21 includes Right to Privacy.
2. Article 21 can be suspended during Emergency.
3. Article 21 ensures dignity of life.

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• Post 44th Amendment → cannot suspend
   Statement 2 wrong.

---

 10. Consider the following:

1. Article 22 provides safeguards against arrest.
2. These safeguards apply to enemy aliens.
3. Preventive detention laws bypass some safeguards.

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• Enemy aliens excluded
   Statement 2 wrong.

---

 11. Consider the following:

1. Article 23 prohibits only trafficking.
2. It applies to private individuals.
3. Forced labour is prohibited even without payment.

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 only

C. 1 and 2 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• Covers forced labour
   Statement 1 wrong.

---

 12. Consider the following:

1. Freedom of religion is absolute.
2. It is subject to public order, morality, and health.
3. State can regulate secular aspects of religion.

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 only

C. 1 and 2 only

D. All

 Answer: A

---

 13. Consider the following:

1. Article 29 is available only to minorities.
2. Article 30 is available only to minorities.
3. Both protect cultural rights.

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 only

C. All

D. 1 and 3 only

 Answer: A

---

 14. Consider the following:

1. Article 32 is itself a Fundamental Right.
2. Supreme Court can refuse writs.
3. High Courts also issue writs under Article 226.

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 only

C. All

D. 1 only

 Answer: C

---

 15. Consider the following:

1. Parliament can amend Fundamental Rights.
2. Basic Structure Doctrine limits this power.
3. Basic Structure is mentioned in the Constitution.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

16. Consider the following statements:

1. Fundamental Rights are enforceable only against the State.
2. Articles 17, 23, and 24 are enforceable against private individuals.
3. Article 15(2) also applies to private individuals.

A. 1 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 2 only

D. All

 Answer: B

 Explanation:

• FRs generally against State  
• BUT exceptions: 15(2), 17, 23, 24
  Statement 1 is wrong → classic trap.

---

 17. Consider the following:

1. Fundamental Rights are absolute.
2. Reasonable restrictions can be imposed by Parliament.
3. Restrictions must be in the interest of public order, morality, etc.

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 only

C. 1 and 2 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• FRs are NOT absolute  
• Restrictions  

---

 18. Consider the following:

1. Article 19 freedoms are available to citizens only.
2. Foreigners can claim freedom of speech under Article 19.
3. Companies can claim Article 19 rights.

A. 1 only

B. 1 and 3 only

C. 2 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• Only citizens  
• Foreigners  
• Companies

---

19. Consider the following:

1. Article 21 guarantees right to live with dignity.
2. It applies only to citizens.
3. It is one of the most important Fundamental Rights.

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• Applies to ALL persons
   Statement 2 wrong.

---

 20. Consider the following:

1. Article 21A provides free education for children aged 6–14.
2. It is applicable to all persons.
3. It is part of original Constitution.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• Added by 86th Amendment
  Statement 3 wrong.

---

 21. Consider the following:

1. Article 22 protects against unlawful arrest.
2. It provides safeguards like right to be informed of grounds of arrest.
3. These safeguards apply fully to preventive detention.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• Preventive detention bypasses some safeguards 
   Statement 3 wrong.

---

 22. Consider the following:

1. Article 23 prohibits trafficking and forced labour.
2. It applies only to citizens.
3. It is enforceable against private individuals.

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

---

23. Consider the following:

1. Article 24 prohibits employment of children below 14 in hazardous jobs.
2. It applies to all forms of employment.
3. It is an absolute right.

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

---

 24. Consider the following:

1. Freedom of religion includes right to manage religious affairs.
2. State cannot regulate any aspect of religion.
3. Religion is subject to public order, morality, and health.

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

---

 25. Consider the following:

1. Article 27 prohibits payment of taxes for promotion of religion.
2. It prevents State from favoring any religion financially.
3. It applies only to citizens.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

---

 26. Consider the following:

1. Article 28 prohibits religious instruction in all institutions.
2. It applies to State-funded institutions.
3. Private institutions are exempt.

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 only

C. 1 and 2 only

D. All

 Answer: A

---

27. Consider the following:

1. Article 29 protects cultural and educational rights of minorities only.
2. Article 30 gives minorities right to establish institutions.
3. Article 29 applies to any section of citizens.

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 only

C. All

D. 1 and 2 only

 Answer: A

---

 28. Consider the following:

1. Article 32 allows direct approach to Supreme Court.
2. It is a Fundamental Right.
3. It can be suspended during Emergency.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. All

D. 1 only

 Answer: C

---

 29. Consider the following:

1. Habeas Corpus protects personal liberty.
2. Mandamus is issued to private individuals.
3. Certiorari quashes illegal orders.

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

---

 30. Consider the following:

1. Prohibition is issued before judgment.
2. Certiorari is issued after judgment.
3. Both are issued against judicial authorities.

A. All

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1 only

 Answer: A

---

 31. Consider the following:

1. Quo Warranto questions legality of public office.
2. It can be issued against private office.
3. It ensures rule of law.

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

---

 32. Consider the following:

1. Article 368 provides power to amend Constitution.
2. Parliament can amend Fundamental Rights.
3. This power is unlimited.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

---

 33. Consider the following:

1. Basic Structure Doctrine was evolved by Supreme Court.
2. It limits Parliament’s power.
3. It is mentioned in Constitution.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

---

 34. Consider the following:

1. Shankari Prasad case allowed amendment of FRs.
2. Golaknath case denied amendment of FRs.
3. Kesavananda Bharati allowed amendment but limited it.

A. All

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1 only

Answer: A

---

 35. Consider the following:

1. Fundamental Rights are part of Basic Structure.
2. Judicial Review is part of Basic Structure.
3. Democracy is part of Basic Structure.

A. All

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1 only

 Answer: A

36. Consider the following statements:

1. Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles together form the conscience of the Constitution.
2. Fundamental Rights are superior to Directive Principles in all situations.
3. Balance between FRs and DPSP is part of Basic Structure.

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• FR + DPSP = conscience  
• No absolute superiority
• Balance = Basic Structure (Minerva Mills)  

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 37. Consider the following:

1. The term “State” includes local bodies like municipalities and panchayats.
2. It includes statutory corporations.
3. It includes only legislative bodies.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• Article 12 includes govt + local bodies + corporations
• Not limited to legislature

---

 38. Consider the following:

1. Judicial Review is derived from Article 13.
2. Courts can strike down laws violating Fundamental Rights.
3. Judicial Review is part of Basic Structure.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. All

D. 1 only

 Answer: C

---

39. Consider the following:

1. Article 300A provides Right to Property as a Fundamental Right.
2. It can be taken away by authority of law.
3. It is enforceable under Article 32.

A. 2 only

B. 1 and 3 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

 Explanation:

• Legal right, not FR  
• Not enforceable under Art.32

---

 40. Consider the following:

1. Freedom of trade under Article 301 is a Fundamental Right.
2. It is available throughout the territory of India.
3. It is outside Part III.

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 only

C. All

D. 1 and 2 only

 Answer: A

---

 41. Consider the following:

1. Right to vote is a Fundamental Right.
2. It is provided under Article 326.
3. It is based on adult suffrage.

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 only

C. All

D. 1 and 2 only

 Answer: A

---

42. Consider the following:

1. Article 17 abolishes untouchability in all forms.
2. It makes its practice punishable by law.
3. It is enforceable even against private individuals.

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 only

C. All

D. 1 and 2 only

 Answer: A

Explanation:

• Only caste-based untouchability
   

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 43. Consider the following:

1. National awards like Bharat Ratna violate Article 18.
2. Academic distinctions are allowed under Article 18.
3. Titles of nobility are prohibited.

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 only

C. All

D. 1 and 2 only

 Answer: A

---

 44. Consider the following:

1. Article 19 includes freedom of profession.
2. It guarantees freedom to carry any trade without restriction.
3. Reasonable restrictions can be imposed in public interest.

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 only

C. All

D. 1 only

 Answer: A

“Refer to the previous notes for explanation. Please wait for the update.”

---

 45. Consider the following:

1. Ex-post facto laws are prohibited under Article 20.
2. Double jeopardy is allowed in India.
3. Self-incrimination is prohibited.

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 only

C. All

D. 1 only

 Answer: A

---

 46. Consider the following:

1. Article 21 guarantees procedure established by law.
2. It ensures fairness and reasonableness of procedure.
3. It originally included due process of law.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 only

D. All

 Answer: A

---

 47. Consider the following:

1. Preventive detention allows detention without trial.
2. It is considered unconstitutional in India.
3. It is allowed under Article 22.

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 only

C. All

D. 1 only

 Answer: A

---

 48. Consider the following:

1. Article 25 guarantees freedom of conscience.
2. It includes right to propagate religion.
3. It allows forced religious conversion.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 only

C. All

D. 1 only

 Answer: A

---

 49. Consider the following:

1. Article 26 gives right to manage religious affairs.
2. It is subject to public order, morality, and health.
3. It applies only to citizens.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 only

C. All

D. 1 only

 Answer: A

---

 50. Consider the following:

1. Fundamental Rights are essential for democracy.
2. They limit arbitrary State action.
3. They ensure individual dignity.

A. All

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1 only

 Answer: A