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Latitude & Longitude – MCQs
1.
Which of the following statements is correct regarding latitude?
- All latitudes are equal in length.
- Latitudes are semicircles running from pole to pole.
- The Equator is the longest latitude.
- The distance between two latitudes is always equal.
Answer: C
Latitudes are complete
circles, not semicircles. Only the Equator is the longest; other latitudes
decrease in length.
2.
The midday sun can be directly overhead at which of the following latitudes?
Answer: D
The sun can be overhead
only between Tropic of Cancer (23½° N) and Tropic of Capricorn (23½° S).
3.
If it is 12:00 noon at Greenwich (0°), what will be the local time at 45° East?
Answer: B
4.
Which of the following statements about longitudes is incorrect?
Answer: D
Longitudes are NOT
parallel to the Equator. They are semicircles from pole to pole.
5.
If a person crosses the International Date Line from West to East, he will:
Answer: A
6.
Why was 82½° East longitude selected as India’s Standard Meridian?
Answer: C
82.5° × 4 minutes = 330
minutes = 5 hours 30 minutes ahead of GMT.
7.
Which of the following countries has only one official time zone despite large
east-west extent?
Answer: D
China follows a single
time zone (Beijing Time).
8.
Which heat zone receives the least amount of direct sunlight throughout the
year?
Answer: C
Frigid Zones (near poles)
receive the least solar energy.
9.
The difference in time between two places located at 30° W and 60° E longitude
is:
Answer: C
10.
Which of the following statements is true?
- 180° East and 180° West are different lines.
- The International Date Line passes exactly along 180°
longitude everywhere.
- The Equator divides the Earth into Northern and
Southern Hemispheres.
- Temperature decreases from Equator to Poles.
Answer: B
Q. Explain the significance of latitudes and longitudes
in understanding the Earth’s geography. How do they influence climate, time
calculation, and human activities? Illustrate your answer with suitable
examples. (250 words)
Earth’s Motions & Structure:
11.
Which of the following would NOT occur if the Earth did not rotate on its axis?
Answer: A
Seasons are mainly due to
revolution and axial tilt, not rotation.
12.
The primary reason for the occurrence of seasons on Earth is:
Answer: B
13.
During the Summer Solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, the Sun is vertically
overhead at:
Answer: C
14.
Which of the following statements is correct about Equinox?
- Day and night are equal everywhere.
- The Sun is overhead at the Equator.
- It occurs twice a year.
Answer: C
15.
If the Earth’s axis were not tilted, which of the following would most likely
happen?
Answer: B
Without axial tilt,
seasons would disappear.
16.
Which layer of the Earth is mainly responsible for the movement of tectonic
plates?
Answer: B
The semi-molten
asthenosphere allows plate movement.
17.
Which of the following correctly describes the Earth’s core?
Answer: B
18.
The longest day in the Southern Hemisphere occurs on:
Answer: B
That is Southern
Hemisphere summer solstice.
19.
Consider the following statements:
- The mantle contains most of the Earth’s mass.
- The crust is the thickest layer of the Earth.
- The outer core generates Earth’s magnetic field.
Which are correct?
Answer: B
Crust is the thinnest
layer.
20.
The main reason the inner core remains solid despite extremely high temperature
is:
Answer: C
Q. The Earth’s rotation and revolution are fundamental to many physical phenomena on the planet. Explain how these two motions influence (a) day and night, (b) seasons, and (c) variation in the length of day and night. Illustrate your answer with suitable examples. (250 words)
Earth’s Motions & Structure:
21. Which of the following statements about the Continental Drift Theory is/are correct?
- It was proposed by Alfred Wegener.
- It explained the mechanism of plate movement correctly.
- It proposed the existence of Pangaea.
Answer: A
Wegener proposed drift but
could not correctly explain the mechanism.
22.
The narrow sea that existed between Laurasia and Gondwanaland was:
Answer: B
23.
Which of the following is the correct chronological order?
Answer: B
24.
The Himalayas were formed mainly due to the collision between:
Answer: B
25.
Which of the following statements about earthquakes is incorrect?
Answer: C
👉 Seismic waves originate at
the focus, not the epicentre.
26.
Which type of volcano is characterized by violent eruptions with ash clouds and
loud explosions?
Answer: C
27.
Consider the following:
- Magma is molten rock below the Earth’s surface.
- Lava is magma that reaches the surface.
- All volcanoes are located on plate boundaries.
Which are correct?
Answer: A
Not all volcanoes are on
plate boundaries (e.g., hotspot volcanoes).
28.
The Indian Tsunami Early Warning Centre established in 2007 is located at:
Answer: C
29.
Which of the following is correctly matched?
Answer: C
30.
Why are volcanic islands sometimes called “nuclei of future continents”?
Answer: C
Q. Critically examine the Continental Drift Theory proposed by Alfred Wegener. How did later developments in plate tectonics help in overcoming its limitations? (250 words)
This content is prepared for educational and informational purposes only. The notes are simplified for better understanding and exam preparation (UPSC and State Exams). Readers are advised to refer to standard textbooks and official sources for detailed study.
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