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Q1
Consider the following statements
regarding Alluvial soils in India:
- They are formed mainly by the deposition of sediments
carried by rivers such as the Ganga, Brahmaputra and their tributaries.
- Khadar soils are relatively older alluvium and are less
fertile than Bangar soils.
- Alluvial soils contain varying proportions of sand,
silt and clay, depending upon the geomorphic conditions.
- They are generally rich in potash, lime and phosphoric
acid but deficient in nitrogen and humus.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
A. 1, 3 and 4 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer: A
Q2
With reference to Black soils of
India, consider the following statements:
- These soils are mainly formed due to the weathering of
basaltic lava flows of the Deccan Trap region.
- The swelling and shrinking nature of these soils is
attributed to the presence of Montmorillonite clay mineral.
- These soils are highly porous and therefore have low
moisture retention capacity.
- They are particularly suitable for cotton cultivation
due to their ability to retain moisture.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
A. 1, 2 and 4 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2, 3 and 4 only
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer: A
Q3
Which of the following factors
contribute to the formation of Red soils in India?
- Weathering of crystalline igneous and metamorphic rocks
- High concentration of iron oxide
- Humid climate with heavy rainfall
- Presence of ferromagnesium minerals
Select the correct answer:
A. 1, 2 and 4 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer: A
Q4
Consider the following statements
regarding Laterite soils:
- These soils are formed due to intense leaching under
conditions of high temperature and heavy rainfall.
- Laterite soils are generally rich in nitrogen and organic
matter.
- They contain high concentrations of iron and aluminium
oxides.
- Without fertilizers, they are generally less productive
for agriculture.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
A. 1, 3 and 4 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2, 3 and 4 only
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer: A
Q5
The process of leaching,
often associated with laterite soil formation, refers to:
A. Deposition of minerals from
rivers
B. Removal of soluble minerals from soil by percolating water
C. Accumulation of salts due to evaporation
D. Chemical weathering caused by temperature changes
Answer: B
Q6
Consider the following
characteristics of Mountain or Forest soils:
- They are usually immature soils due to the continuous
process of erosion and deposition.
- They are rich in organic matter in areas of heavy
rainfall.
- They are always alkaline in nature due to the presence
of calcium carbonate.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: A
Q7
Which of the following crops are
commonly cultivated in mountain soils of India?
- Tea
- Coffee
- Spices
- Barley
Select the correct answer:
A. 1, 2 and 3 only
B. 1, 3 and 4 only
C. 1, 2, 3 and 4
D. 2 and 4 only
Answer: C
Q8
Consider the following statements
regarding Arid and Desert soils:
- They contain a high percentage of sand and low organic
matter.
- They often contain soluble salts due to high
evaporation rates.
- These soils are generally dark black in colour due to
organic carbon.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: A
Q9
Saline and alkaline soils in India
are often referred to by local names such as:
- Reh
- Kallar
- Usar
Select the correct answer:
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 1, 2 and 3
D. 2 and 3 only
Answer: C
Q10
Consider the following statements
regarding Peaty and Marshy soils:
- They are formed due to accumulation of partially
decomposed organic matter in waterlogged conditions.
- They are usually rich in organic carbon but poor in
phosphate and potash.
- These soils are highly productive for agriculture
without any modification.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: A
Q11
Which of the following are major
causes of soil infertility?
- Continuous cropping without nutrient replenishment
- Excessive leaching in high rainfall regions
- Loss of humus and organic matter
- Excessive use of chemical fertilizers
Select the correct answer:
A. 1, 2 and 3 only
B. 1, 2, 3 and 4
C. 2 and 4 only
D. 1 and 3 only
Answer: B
Q12
The removal of the fertile upper
layer of soil by wind or water is known as:
A. Soil erosion
B. Weathering
C. Soil salinization
D. Soil alkalization
Answer: A
Q13
Consider the following consequences
of soil erosion:
- Reduction in agricultural productivity
- Siltation of rivers and reservoirs
- Increased frequency of floods
- Improvement in soil fertility
Which of the above are correct?
A. 1, 2 and 3 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 4 only
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer: A
Q14
Desertification refers to:
A. Formation of deserts due to
volcanic activity
B. Conversion of fertile land into desert-like conditions
C. Accumulation of salts in coastal soils
D. Formation of sand dunes by wind action
Answer: B
Q15
Which of the following practices
help in soil conservation?
- Contour ploughing
- Terrace farming
- Shelter belts
- Strip cropping
Select the correct answer:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1, 2 and 3 only
C. 2, 3 and 4 only
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer: D
Q16
Contour ploughing helps in soil
conservation mainly by:
A. Increasing soil moisture
evaporation
B. Reducing the speed of surface runoff water
C. Increasing infiltration of groundwater only
D. Preventing salinity in soils
Answer: B
Q17
Terrace farming is most effective
in:
A. Coastal plains
B. Flood plains
C. Hilly and mountainous regions
D. Desert regions
Answer: C
Q18
Shelter belts help control soil
erosion primarily by:
A. Preventing waterlogging
B. Acting as barriers against strong winds
C. Increasing rainfall
D. Reducing soil acidity
Answer: B
Q19
Crop rotation helps soil
conservation by:
- Restoring soil nutrients
- Breaking pest cycles
- Maintaining soil fertility
Select the correct answer:
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 1, 2 and 3
D. 2 and 3 only
Answer: C
Q20
Which of the following is not a
correct method of soil conservation?
A. Afforestation
B. Terrace farming
C. Strip cropping
D. Continuous monocropping
Answer: D
Q21
Consider the following statements
regarding Shelter Belts used in soil conservation:
- Shelter belts consist of rows of trees and shrubs
planted along the boundaries of agricultural fields.
- They are mainly used to reduce the velocity of strong
winds and prevent wind erosion.
- Shelter belts are most effective in desert and
semi-arid regions where wind erosion is dominant.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1, 2 and 3
D. 1 only
Answer: C
Q22
Which of the following statements
best explains the concept of Crop Rotation?
A. Growing the same crop repeatedly
on the same land to maximize production.
B. Cultivating different crops in a fixed sequence on the same field to
maintain soil fertility and control pests.
C. Leaving land fallow for several years to restore soil fertility.
D. Practicing mixed cropping to increase agricultural output.
Answer: B
Q23
Consider the following statements
regarding Afforestation as a soil conservation method:
- Roots of trees bind soil particles together and reduce
soil erosion.
- Forest cover reduces the direct impact of rainfall on
the soil surface.
- Afforestation increases soil erosion because trees
absorb soil nutrients.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: B
Q24
Check dams are constructed mainly
for which of the following purposes?
- To slow down the flow of water in streams.
- To reduce soil erosion.
- To increase groundwater recharge.
Select the correct answer:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: D
Q25
Which of the following crops are
commonly grown in Black soils due to their high moisture retention
capacity?
- Cotton
- Sunflower
- Citrus fruits
- Coarse grains
Select the correct answer:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1, 2 and 3 only
C. 1, 2, 3 and 4
D. 2 and 4 only
Answer: C
Q26
Consider the following statements
regarding Laterite soils:
- They are rich in iron and aluminium oxides.
- They are formed mainly in regions of heavy rainfall and
high temperature.
- These soils are naturally very fertile and require no
fertilizers for cultivation.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: A
Q27
Which of the following factors are
responsible for the diversity of soils in India?
- Variation in climate
- Different types of parent rocks
- Diversity of landforms
- Vegetation cover
Select the correct answer:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1, 2 and 3 only
C. 2, 3 and 4 only
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer: D
Q28
Which of the following statements
about Humus are correct?
- Humus improves the structure of soil.
- It increases the soil’s ability to retain water.
- It provides essential nutrients to plants.
Select the correct answer:
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: D
Q29
Improper irrigation practices may
lead to which of the following problems?
- Waterlogging
- Salinization of soil
- Decline in soil fertility
Select the correct answer:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 1, 2 and 3
D. 2 only
Answer: C
Q30
Which of the following soils are
generally rich in organic matter?
A. Alluvial soils
B. Peaty soils
C. Desert soils
D. Red soils
Answer: B
Q31
Consider the following statements
regarding Soil erosion:
- It removes the nutrient-rich top layer of soil.
- It reduces agricultural productivity.
- It leads to siltation of rivers and reservoirs.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: D
Q32
Which of the following practices is NOT
a method of soil conservation?
A. Terrace farming
B. Strip cropping
C. Shelter belts
D. Continuous monocropping
Answer: D
Q33
Which soil type is most suitable for
plantation crops like coffee and cashew after proper fertilization?
A. Laterite soil
B. Desert soil
C. Peaty soil
D. Red soil
Answer: A
Q34
The red colour of Red soils
is mainly due to the presence of:
A. Calcium carbonate
B. Iron oxide
C. Aluminium oxide
D. Magnesium carbonate
Answer: B
Q35
Which of the following factors
mainly influence the process of soil formation?
- Climate
- Parent rock material
- Topography
- Time
Select the correct answer:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1, 2, 3 and 4
D. 1 and 4 only
Answer: C
Q36
Which soil type in India is most
commonly associated with river floodplains?
A. Alluvial soil
B. Black soil
C. Red soil
D. Laterite soil
Answer: A
Q37
Which soil conservation technique
involves ploughing along the natural contours of the land?
A. Terrace farming
B. Contour ploughing
C. Strip cropping
D. Shelter belts
Answer: B
Q38
The conversion of fertile land into
barren desert-like conditions is known as:
A. Soil erosion
B. Desertification
C. Weathering
D. Soil salinity
Answer: B
Q39
Which soil type in India is also
known locally as Regur soil?
A. Red soil
B. Alluvial soil
C. Black soil
D. Laterite soil
Answer: C
Q40
Which of the following statements
best describes the process of leaching?
A. Accumulation of salts in the soil
surface.
B. Removal of soluble minerals from soil by percolating water.
C. Deposition of sediments by rivers.
D. Weathering of rocks by temperature changes.
Answer: B
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