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Q1.
With reference to VSHORADS, consider the following statements:
- It is a Man Portable Air Defence System designed to
neutralize low-altitude aerial threats.
- It is capable of targeting drones, helicopters and
low-flying aircraft.
- It has been indigenously developed by Defence
Research and Development Organisation.
Which of the statements given above
is/are correct?
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
✅ Answer: D
Explanation
- VSHORADS (Very Short Range Air Defence System) is a Man Portable Air Defence System (MANPAD)
used by infantry forces.
- It is designed to destroy low-altitude aerial
threats such as:
- Drones
- Helicopters
- Fighter aircraft flying at low altitude.
- In India, it has been indigenously developed by DRDO
to strengthen air defence capability.
Q2. With reference to Central Drugs Standard Control
Organisation (CDSCO), consider the following statements:
- It functions under the Ministry of Health and Family
Welfare.
- CDSCO approves new drugs and clinical trials in India.
- It regulates imported drugs and medical devices.
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
✅ Answer: D
Explanation
- CDSCO
is India’s national drug regulatory authority.
- It operates under the Ministry of Health and Family
Welfare.
- Key functions include:
- Approval of new drugs
- Regulation of clinical trials
- Control over imported drugs and medical devices
- Ensuring quality standards of pharmaceuticals.
Q3. With reference to the Forest Rights Act, consider
the following statements:
- It recognizes rights of forest-dwelling Scheduled
Tribes and traditional forest dwellers.
- FRA Cells were sanctioned under the Dharti Aaba
Janjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyaan.
- The Act completely prohibits economic activities in
forest areas.
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
✅ Answer: A
Explanation
- Forest Rights Act (2006) recognizes the rights of Scheduled Tribes and other
forest dwellers.
- It provides rights such as:
- Land rights
- Community forest rights
- Minor forest produce collection.
- Statement 2 is correct because FRA cells were sanctioned under Dharti Aaba
Janjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyaan to strengthen implementation.
- Statement 3 is incorrect: the Act does not completely ban economic
activities; it allows sustainable forest use by communities.
Q4. With reference to the Amondawa tribe, consider the
following statements:
- They live in the Amazon rainforest region.
- The tribe traditionally does not use a formal concept
of time.
- They are found mainly in Southeast Asia.
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
✅ Answer: B
Explanation
- The Amondawa tribe lives in the Amazon region
of Brazil.
- Anthropological studies found that:
- They do not use words for years or age.
- Their language lacks a formal concept of linear
time.
- Hence Statement 3 is incorrect because they are not
in Southeast Asia.
Q5. With reference to the Nilgiri Wood Pigeon,
consider the following statements:
- It is endemic to the Western Ghats.
- It is listed as “Vulnerable” on the IUCN Red List.
- It mainly inhabits desert ecosystems.
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 2 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
✅ Answer: B
Explanation
- The Nilgiri Wood Pigeon is an endemic bird
species of the Western Ghats.
- It inhabits evergreen forests and montane forests.
- According to the IUCN Red List, it is classified
as Vulnerable due to habitat loss.
- Statement 3 is wrong because it does not live in
deserts.
Q6. With reference to the Tomahawk cruise missile,
consider the following statements:
- It is a long-range cruise missile.
- It was developed by the United States.
- It can be launched from ships and submarines.
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
✅ Answer: D
Explanation
- Tomahawk
is a long-range cruise missile used mainly by the US Navy.
- Key features:
- Range of over 1000 km
- Precision strike capability
- Launch platforms include ships and submarines.
Q7. With reference to Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary,
consider the following statements:
- It is located in Odisha.
- It lies near the Hirakud Reservoir.
- It recently hosted the Indian Bison Fest.
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
✅ Answer: D
Explanation
- Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Odisha.
- It lies along the Hirakud Dam reservoir.
- The sanctuary is known for:
- Indian bison (Gaur)
- Leopards
- Sloth bears.
- It recently hosted the Indian Bison Fest to
promote eco-tourism.
Q8. With reference to India Meteorological Department
(IMD):
- It works under the Ministry of Earth Sciences.
- It conducts weather forecasting and seismology.
- It issues cyclone warnings.
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
✅ Answer: D
Explanation
- IMD is
India's national weather service.
- It operates under the Ministry of Earth Sciences.
- Major responsibilities:
- Weather forecasting
- Cyclone tracking and warning systems
- Seismological observations.
Q9. With reference to the Eligible Manufacturer
Importers Scheme, consider the following statements:
- It was launched by the Central Board of Indirect
Taxes and Customs.
- It simplifies import procedures.
- It aims to promote ease of doing business.
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 1, 2 and 3
D) 2 and 3 only
✅ Answer: C
Explanation
- The EMI Scheme was launched by CBIC.
- It allows trusted importers/manufacturers faster
customs clearance.
- The objective is to improve trade facilitation and
ease of doing business.
Q10. With reference to Dark Sky Parks, consider the
following statements:
- They are protected areas with minimal light pollution.
- Tamil Nadu’s first Dark Sky Park is located at Kolli
Hills.
- Such parks are recognized by the International
Dark-Sky Association.
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
✅ Answer: D
Explanation
- Dark Sky Parks
are areas preserved for astronomy and stargazing.
- They reduce light pollution.
- Tamil Nadu’s first Dark Sky Park is at Kolli Hills.
- Certification is provided by the International
Dark-Sky Association (IDA).
Q11.
Consider the following statements
regarding Blue Economy:
- It promotes sustainable use of ocean resources.
- It focuses only on fisheries and marine trade.
- India has launched a Blue Economy policy framework.
Which statements are correct?
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: B
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Q12.
Which of the following straits
connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman?
A) Strait of Malacca
B) Strait of Hormuz
C) Bab-el-Mandeb
D) Bosporus
Answer: B
Q13.
Consider the following statements
regarding Green Hydrogen Mission of India:
- It aims to make India a global hub for hydrogen
production.
- It targets 5 million tonnes of green hydrogen
production by 2030.
- It is implemented by the Ministry of New and Renewable
Energy.
Which statements are correct?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1, 2 and 3
D) 1 only
Answer: C
Q14.
The Artemis Programme,
sometimes seen in the news, is related to:
A) Mars exploration
B) Lunar exploration and human landing
C) Asteroid mining
D) Space tourism
Answer: B
Q15.
Which of the following organizations
releases the Global Hunger Index?
- Concern Worldwide
- Welthungerhilfe
- World Bank
Select the correct answer:
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: B
Q16.
Consider the following pairs:
Biosphere Reserve | State
- Similipal – Odisha
- Nilgiri – Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka
- Nanda Devi – Uttarakhand
Which pairs are correctly matched?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1, 2 and 3
D) 1 only
Answer: C
Q17.
Which of the following are UN
specialized agencies?
- UNESCO
- WHO
- IMF
- World Bank
Select the correct answer:
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1, 2 and 3 only
C) 1, 2, 3 and 4
D) 2 and 3 only
Answer: C
Q18.
Which of the following rivers
originates in Tibet?
- Brahmaputra
- Indus
- Sutlej
Select the correct answer:
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: D
Q19.
The International Solar Alliance
(ISA) headquarters is located in:
A) Geneva
B) Gurugram
C) Paris
D) Abu Dhabi
Answer: B
Q20.
Which of the following is the largest
coral reef system in the world?
A) Red Sea Reef
B) Great Barrier Reef
C) Maldives Reef
D) Florida Reef
Answer: B
Q21.
Recently, the Raisina Dialogue
2026 was held in India. Consider the following statements regarding this
event:
- It is India’s flagship conference on geopolitics and
geo-economics.
- It is jointly organized by the Ministry of External
Affairs and the Observer Research Foundation.
- Only Asian countries participate in this conference.
- It discusses issues like global security, technology
governance, and climate challenges.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1, 2 and 4 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 3 and 4 only
Answer: B
Explanation:
- Raisina Dialogue is India’s premier conference on
global geopolitics and geo-economics.
- It is organized by MEA and ORF.
- Leaders, ministers, scholars and experts from many
regions participate, not only Asia.
- Themes include security, technology governance and
global cooperation.
Q22.
With reference to the India–Canada
Uranium Deal, consider the following statements:
- Canada is among the major global producers of uranium.
- Uranium imported by India is used for nuclear power
generation under IAEA safeguards.
- Uranium imports are mainly used for nuclear weapons
production.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Canada is a major uranium producer.
- India imports uranium for civilian nuclear reactors
under international safeguards.
- It is not used for nuclear weapons, which come
from domestic uranium reserves.
Q23.
In the context of defence news, the VL-Shtil
missile system recently seen in news is associated with:
A. Surface-to-surface missile used
by the Indian Army
B. Naval air defence missile system
C. Anti-tank guided missile system
D. Intercontinental ballistic missile
Answer: B
Explanation:
- VL-Shtil is a naval surface-to-air missile system
used by the Indian Navy.
- It protects naval ships from aircraft, helicopters, and
anti-ship missiles.
Q24.
Consider the following statements
regarding India’s 7th National Report to the Convention on Biological
Diversity (CBD):
- It assesses progress toward biodiversity targets.
- It is submitted to the United Nations Convention on
Biological Diversity.
- It focuses on implementing the Kunming-Montreal Global
Biodiversity Framework.
Which of the above statements are
correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1, 2 and 3
C. 2 only
D. 1 and 3 only
Answer: B
Explanation:
- Countries submit national reports to CBD describing
biodiversity conservation progress.
- India’s report aligns with the Kunming-Montreal
Global Biodiversity Framework targets.
Q25.
The Broadcast Audience Research
Council (BARC) was recently in the news regarding TRP ratings. Consider the
following statements:
- BARC measures television viewership ratings in India.
- It is a statutory body established by Parliament.
- It provides data used by advertisers and broadcasters.
Which of the statements are correct?
A. 1 and 3 only
B. 1 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: A
Explanation:
- BARC measures TRP ratings for TV channels.
- It is an industry-led body, not a statutory
institution.
- Its data helps advertising and broadcasting decisions.
Q26.
Consider the following statements
about the Striped Hyena, recently seen in conservation news:
- It is listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife
Protection Act, 1972.
- It is classified as “Near Threatened” by the IUCN.
- It is endemic to India.
Which statements are correct?
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: B
Explanation:
- The striped hyena is protected under Schedule I of
the Wildlife Protection Act.
- IUCN lists it as Near Threatened.
- It is found across Asia and Africa, so it is not
endemic to India.
Q27.
Which of the following best
describes the Precision Strike Missile (PrSM) recently seen in defence
discussions?
A. A long-range surface-to-surface
missile developed by the United States
B. A nuclear-powered submarine missile
C. A hypersonic cruise missile developed by India
D. A missile defence interceptor system
Answer: A
Explanation:
- The Precision Strike Missile is a long-range
surface-to-surface missile designed to replace the ATACMS system.
- It is developed by the United States Army.
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Q28.
In the context of governance, State
Innovation Mission (SIM) was recently launched in Tripura. Consider the
following statements:
- It is part of the Atal Innovation Mission 2.0
initiative.
- It aims to promote startups and innovation ecosystems
at the state level.
- It is implemented by the NITI Aayog.
Which statements are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1, 2 and 3
C. 2 only
D. 1 and 3 only
Answer: B
Explanation:
- Tripura launched the first State Innovation Mission
under AIM 2.0.
- It aims to build innovation ecosystems, startups, and
entrepreneurship.
- AIM is implemented by NITI Aayog.
Q29.
With reference to Census 2027,
consider the following statements:
- It will be India’s first digital census.
- Citizens may have the option of self-enumeration.
- It will be conducted by NITI Aayog.
Which statements are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Census 2027 is planned as India’s first digital
census.
- It will include self-enumeration options through
digital platforms.
- The Registrar General of India, not NITI Aayog,
conducts the census.
Q30.
Consider the following statements
regarding the Strait of Hormuz, frequently seen in geopolitical news:
- It connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman.
- A large percentage of global oil trade passes through
it.
- It lies between Iran and Oman.
Which statements are correct?
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 1, 2 and 3
D. 2 and 3 only
Answer: C
Explanation:
- The Strait of Hormuz connects Persian Gulf to Gulf
of Oman.
- Around 20% of global oil trade passes through it.
- It lies between Iran and Oman (Musandam Peninsula).
Q31.
The Khelo India Tribal Games
(KITG) recently mentioned in news aims to:
A. Promote traditional tribal sports
and identify sporting talent
B. Develop tribal tourism infrastructure
C. Provide scholarships to tribal students
D. Promote tribal handicrafts exports
Answer: A
Explanation:
- KITG promotes traditional tribal sports and
identifies talented athletes from tribal communities.
Q32.
Which of the following statements
best describes the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework?
A. It aims to protect at least 30%
of global land and oceans by 2030.
B. It replaces the Paris Climate Agreement.
C. It is a treaty on marine pollution only.
Select the correct answer:
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: A
Explanation:
- The framework aims to protect 30% of land and oceans
by 2030 (“30x30 target”).
- It is separate from the Paris Climate Agreement.
Q33.
The India-Japan CEPA recently
discussed in economic news refers to:
A. Comprehensive Economic
Partnership Agreement
B. Common Energy Partnership Alliance
C. Cooperative Export Promotion Arrangement
D. Comprehensive Environmental Protection Agreement
Answer: A
Explanation:
- CEPA stands for Comprehensive Economic Partnership
Agreement between India and Japan to promote trade, investment, and
economic cooperation.
Q34.
Consider the following statements
regarding the Gaganyaan Mission re-entry corridor:
- It refers to the path used by spacecraft while
returning to Earth.
- It ensures safe splashdown in the ocean.
- It is used only for satellites and not for human
missions.
Which statements are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: A
Explanation:
- A re-entry corridor is the trajectory spacecraft
follow during atmospheric re-entry.
- It ensures safe landing or splashdown.
- It is used for both satellites and human space
missions.
Q35.
Which of the following statements
about World Obesity Atlas 2026 is correct?
A. It is released by the World
Health Organization.
B. It assesses obesity trends and economic impact worldwide.
C. It focuses only on developed countries.
Choose the correct answer:
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. 1 and 2 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: B
Explanation:
- The World Obesity Federation publishes the World
Obesity Atlas.
- It analyzes global obesity trends and economic
impacts.
- It covers both developing and developed countries.
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